Topics

Cambridge HOTmaths covers a wealth of topics for the Middle Primary, Upper Primary, Early Secondary and Middle Secondary curriculums as well as topics linked to the contents of Cambridge textbooks which can be found here.

Enhancements to existing resources

Topics and lessons have been revised to incorporate current teaching and learning practices, and existing resources have been updated and enhanced. Details of these changes can be downloaded here:
Early Secondary
Middle Secondary




Middle Primary Numbers to 1000 & beyond
  Patterns in counting
  Addition & subtraction
  Multiplication & division
  Everyday fractions
  Data
  Chance
  2D shapes & angles
  Length & area
  Mass & capacity
  Time
  Money
  Location
  Larger numbers
  Fractions
  Decimal fractions & percentages
  Factors & multiples
  Calculations
  3D shapes
  2D shapes & position
Upper primary Understanding whole numbers
  Addition & subtraction
  Multiplication & division
  Fractions
  Decimals & percentages
  Patterns
  Angles & 2D shapes
  3D shapes
  Length
  Area
  Volume & capacity
  Mass
  Time
  Maps, plans & directions
  Chance
  Data
  Number systems
  Extending the operations
  Further fractions
  Further decimals & percentages
  Using symbols for numbers
  Circles, symmetry & resizing
  Using measurement
Early Secondary Whole numbers
  Exploring numbers
  Fractions
  Decimals
  Percentages
  Applying percentages
  Integers
  Ratios & rates
  Introducing algebra
  Manipulating algebra
  Equations & inequalities
  The number plane
  Time
  Length, perimeter & area
  Volume & surface area
  Pythagoras' theorem
  Circles & cylinders
  Transformation & symmetry
  Angles
  Plane shapes & triangles
  Exploring quadrilaterals
  Congruent & similar shapes
  Constructions in geometry
  3D shapes
  Chance
  Sets
  Representing data
  Analysing data
Middle Secondary Number notations
  Earning money
  Buying, borrowing, investing
  Indices
  Algebraic expressions
  Linear equations & inequalities
  Simultaneous equations
  Surds
  Quadratic expressions
  Quadratic equations
  Number plane: Calculations
  Number plane: Straight lines
  Number plane: Curves
  Perimeter & area
  Volume
  Surface area
  Trigonometry: Introduction
  Trigonometry: Minutes & bearings
  Trig beyond right triangles
  Reasoning in geometry
  Probability
  Data collection
  Data analysis
  Bivariate data
Essential Maths AC 7 Ch 1 Whole numbers
  Ch 2 Geometry
  Ch 3 Number props & patterns
  Ch 4 Fractions & percentages
  Ch 5 Algebra
  Ch 6 Decimals
  Ch 7 Negative numbers
  Ch 8 Stats & probability
  Ch 9 Polygons solids & trans
  Ch 10 Intro to equations
  Ch 11 Measurement
Essential Maths AC 8 Ch 1 Integers
  Ch 2 Lines shapes solids
  Ch 3 Fract decimals percents
  Ch 4 Measurement & Pythagoras
  Ch 5 Algebra
  Ch 6 Ratios & rates
  Ch 7 Equations & inequalities
  Ch 8 Probability & stats
  Ch 9 Straight line graphs
  Ch 10 Transform & congruence



Middle Primary

Numbers to 1000 & beyond

Numbers to 1000
Ordering numbers
Numbers beyond 1000
Splitting & regrouping
Top

Patterns in counting

Creating number sequences
Patterns in sequences
Top

Addition & subtraction

Mental strategies
Place value strategies
Using empty number lines
Written addition
Written subtraction
Top

Multiplication & division

Modelling arrays & groups
Modelling division
Introducing multiplication strategies
Building facts
Top

Everyday fractions

Fractional parts
Comparing fractions
Decimals
Adding & subtracting decimals
Top

Data

Surveys, tables & tallies
Column & picture graphs
Bar graphs
Top

Chance

Chance language
Listing outcomes
Chance experiments
Top

2D shapes & angles

Symmetrical shapes
Introducing angles
2D shapes
Introducing quadrilaterals
Top

Length & area

Measuring length
Calculating length
Measuring perimeter
Comparing areas
Top

Mass & capacity

Comparing mass
Measuring mass
Capacity
Top

Time

Reading clocks
Digital clocks
Measuring duration
Using a calendar
Top

Money

Making money
Money calculations
Top

Location

Simple maps
Introducing coordinates
Top

Larger numbers

Modelling larger numbers
Ordering larger numbers
Rounding numbers
Top

Fractions

Equivalent fractions
Parts of a group
Counting with fractions
Top

Decimal fractions & percentages

Rounding & ordering decimals
Multiplying & dividing by 10 & 100
Percentages
Top

Factors & multiples

Patterns of multiples
Multiplication facts
Division facts
Division with remainders
Top

Calculations

Applying addition strategies
Subtraction calculations
Multiplication by multiples of 10
Extending multiplication
Top

3D shapes

Describing shapes
Prisms & pyramids
Shapes from nets
Top

2D shapes & position

Classifying angles
Features of 2D shapes
Reflect, translate & rotate
Compass directions
Top

Upper primary

Understanding whole numbers

Extending place value
Comparing whole numbers
Rounding whole numbers
Introducing Roman numerals
Top

Addition & subtraction

Exploring plus & minus
Addition strategies
Adding in columns
Subtraction strategies
Subtracting in columns
Top

Multiplication & division

Patterns in multiplication
Multiplying by 10s, 100s, 1000s
Multiplication strategies
Exploring division
Dividing larger numbers
Mixed operations
Primes & composites
Top

Fractions

Understanding fractions
Which fractions are the same size?
Improper fractions & mixed numerals
Whole numbers & fractions
Adding & subtracting like fractions
Top

Decimals & percentages

10ths, 100ths & 1000ths
Comparing decimals
Adding decimals
Subtracting decimals
Mult & div decimals by 10, 100, 1000
Exploring percentages
Percentages-decimals-fractions
Top

Patterns

Numbers in designs
Number patterns
Mystery number sentences
Top

Angles & 2D shapes

The language of angles
Measuring & drawing angles
Triangles
Quadrilaterals
Exploring polygons
Top

3D shapes

Naming 3D shapes
Drawing 3D shapes
Nets
Different views
Top

Length

Units of length
Measuring & recording lengths
Converting units of length
Perimeter
Top

Area

Units of area
Area of rectangles & squares
Area of triangles
Top

Volume & capacity

Measuring volume
Volume of rectangular prisms
Measuring capacity
Linking litres & cubes
Top

Mass

Units of mass
Measuring & recording masses
Converting units of mass
Top

Time

Calendars & timelines
Clock times
Measuring & calculating time
Timetables
Top

Maps, plans & directions

Using scale
Grid coordinates
Compass directions
Top

Chance

Describing chance
What is the chance?
Chancy tasks
Top

Data

Average (mean)
Picture & column graphs
Reading divided bar graphs
Introducing sector (pie) graphs
Line graphs
Top

Number systems

Base 10 & other bases
Exploring Roman numerals
Negative numbers
Top

Extending the operations

Multiplying by two digits
Dealing with remainders
Order of operations
Top

Further fractions

Comparing fractions
Add & subtract related fractions
Fractions of a group
Multiples of fractions
Top

Further decimals & percentages

Multiplying decimals
Dividing decimals
Calculating with percentages
Top

Using symbols for numbers

Writing rules
Rules to patterns
Unknown numbers
Top

Circles, symmetry & resizing

Circles
Symmetry
Enlarging & reducing
Top

Using measurement

Comparing perimeter & area
Surface area
Calculations using mass
Top

Early Secondary

Whole numbers

Egyptian & Mayan numerals
Roman & Greek numerals
Index notation
Place value & bases
Rounding & estimating
Adding whole numbers
Subtracting whole numbers
Multiplying whole numbers
Dividing whole numbers
Long division methods
Order of operations & indices
Top

Exploring numbers

Number patterns
Factors & multiples
Highest common factor (HCF)
Lowest common multiple (LCM)
Divisibility tests
Prime & composite numbers
Factor trees
HCF & LCM for large numbers
Square roots
Cube roots
Top

Fractions

What is a fraction?
Improper versus mixed
Equivalent fractions
Comparing & ordering fractions
This as a fraction of that
Adding & subtracting fractions
Adding & subtracting mixed numerals
Multiplying fractions
Multiplying mixed numerals
Dividing by simple fractions
Divisions involving fractions
From a fraction to the whole
Top

Decimals

What is the point?
Changing decimals to fractions
Changing fractions to decimals
Ordering decimals
Adding & subtracting decimals
Multiplying & squaring decimals
Strategies for decimal divisions
Rounding decimals
Introducing recurring decimals
Money
Top

Percentages

Percentages as fractions
Writing fractions as percentages
Linking percentages & decimals
Fractions/decimals/percentages
Top

Applying percentages

Percentage of a quantity
One amount as a percentage of another
Percentage increase & decrease
Profit & loss
Finding the whole amount
Top

Integers

What are directed numbers?
Adding & subtracting positive integers
Two signs together
Multiplying integers
Dividing integers
Mixing the operations
Top

Ratios & rates

What is a ratio?
Using ratios
Scales expressed as ratios
Introducing rates
Top

Introducing algebra

What is algebra?
Algebra pictures
Words into algebra
Substitution
Picture patterns & pronumerals
Number patterns & pronumerals
Patterns on the number grid
Adding & subtracting terms
Multiplying & dividing terms
Equivalent expressions
Top

Manipulating algebra

Linking algebra & number rules
Removing grouping symbols
Introducing factorising
Algebraic fractions
Formulas in spreadsheets
Top

Equations & inequalities

Working backwards
Keeping the balance
Guess, check & improve
A formal approach
Equations to solve problems
Equations & formulas
Introducing inequalities
Top

The number plane

The first quadrant
All four quadrants
Graphs from equations
Equations from lines
Comparing lines & equations
Intersecting lines
Top

Time

Units of time
Time calculations
Time zones
Top

Length, perimeter & area

Length
Perimeter problems
Formula for area of a rectangle
Formula for area of a triangle
Areas of parallelograms
Converting area units & estimating
Top

Volume & surface area

Volume, capacity & prisms
Volume of any prism
Surface area of prisms
Top

Pythagoras' theorem

What is Pythagoras' theorem?
Length of the hypotenuse
Length of any side
Pythagoras, perimeter & area
Top

Circles & cylinders

Pi & the circumference
Area of a circle
Volume of a cylinder
Top

Transformation & symmetry

Translation
Reflection & symmetry
Rotation & symmetry
Top

Angles

Points, lines & angles
Some angle relationships
Angles in parallel lines
Top

Plane shapes & triangles

Plane shapes
Classifying triangles
Angle sum of a triangle
Exterior angles of triangles
Top

Exploring quadrilaterals

Angle sum of a quadrilateral
Exploring trapeziums & kites
Exploring parallelograms & rectangles
Exploring rhombuses & squares
Top

Congruent & similar shapes

Congruent shapes
Which shapes are similar?
Scale factors for similar figures
Top

Constructions in geometry

Bisecting angles & intervals
Constructing lines & angles
Top

3D shapes

Faces, edges & vertices
Classifying solids
3D drawings & projections
Top

Chance

The language of chance
Listing possible outcomes
Theoretical probability
Top

Sets

Introducing sets
Comparing sets
Using Venn diagrams
Top

Representing data

Using sector graphs
Creating divided bar graphs
Scatter diagrams
Line, conversion & step graphs
Travel graphs
Frequency tables
Histograms & polygons
Grouping data
Dot plots
Stem-and-leaf plots
Graphs & spreadsheets
Top

Analysing data

Exploring the mean
The mode, the median & range
Analysing dot plots
Analysing stem-and-leaf plots
Analysing tables
Top

Middle Secondary

Number notations

Significant figures & rounding
Scientific notation
Exploring recurring decimals
Converting rates
Top

Earning money

Wages & salaries
Extra earnings
Part-time work
Tax & other deductions
Budgeting
Top

Buying, borrowing, investing

Best buys, discounts, sales tax
Buying on credit
Simple interest
Compound interest
Compound interest formula
Depreciation
Loans
Top

Indices

Multiplying & dividing terms
Powers upon powers
Negative indices & reciprocals
Fractional indices & roots
Top

Algebraic expressions

Adding & subtracting fractions
Multiplying & dividing fractions
Expanding & simplifying
Factorising
Extending algebraic fractions
Using algebra
Top

Linear equations & inequalities

Solving linear equations
Equations with brackets
Equations with fractions
Problems & formulas
Inequalities
Extending inequalities
Top

Simultaneous equations

Graphs, tables or guess & check
Using the substitution method
Using the elimination method
Solving problems simultaneously
Top

Surds

Reals, rationals & surds
Operations with surds
Rewriting surds
Binomial surds
Top

Quadratic expressions

Expanding binomial products
Factorising monic quadratics
Factorising non-monic quadratics
Special products & factors
Other factorisations
Simplifying using factors
Top

Quadratic equations

How many solutions?
Solving using factors
Completing the square
The quadratic formula
Simultaneous quadratics
Top

Number plane: Calculations

Midpoint
Distance using graphs
Gradient using graphs
Distance formula
Gradient formula
Top

Number plane: Straight lines

Slopes & intercepts
Tables to graph lines
Reading the equation
Gradient-intercept graphs
Determining the equation
Top

Number plane: Curves

Plotting curves
Parabolas
Hyperbolas
Top

Perimeter & area

Perimeters & arcs
Area of a kite & a rhombus
Area of a trapezium
Areas of parts of circles
Top

Volume

Volumes of prisms & cylinders
Volumes of pyramids
Volumes of cones
Volumes of spheres
Top

Surface area

Surface areas of prisms
Surface areas of cylinders
Surface areas of pyramids
Surface areas of cones & spheres
Top

Trigonometry: Introduction

Naming the sides
The tangent ratio
Using the tangent ratio
The sine & cosine ratios
Side lengths using any ratio
Calculating angles
Applying trigonometry
Top

Trigonometry: Minutes & bearings

Splitting the degree
Sides & angles
What are bearings?
Using bearings
Top

Trig beyond right triangles

The unit circle
Related ratios
Trig relationships
Area using trig
Sine rule
Cosine rule
Top

Reasoning in geometry

Angles in polygons
Tests for congruent triangles
Writing reasons
Similar triangles
Top

Probability

Relative frequency
Using relative frequency
Calculating probability
Top

Data collection

Cumulative frequency
Cumulative frequency histograms
Grouping data
Top

Data analysis

Centres for grouped data
Box-and-whisker plots
Standard deviation & distribution
Top

Bivariate data

Distance/time graphs
Other line graphs
Graphs with curves
Top

Essential Maths AC 7

Ch 1 Whole numbers

1.1 Number systems A Egyptian & Mayan
1.1 Number systems B Roman & Greek
1.2 Place value
1.3 Add & subtract A Addition
1.3 Add & subtract B Subtraction
1.5 Multiplication
1.7 Division A Whole numbers
1.7 Division B Long division
1.8 Rounding & estimating
1.9 Order of operations
Top

Ch 2 Geometry

2.1 Points, lines & angles
2.2 Measuring angles
2.3 Angles at a point
2.4 Transversals & parallel lines
2.6 Circles & constructions
2.7 Dynamic geometry
Top

Ch 3 Number props & patterns

3.1 Factors & multiples
3.2 HCF & LCM: A HCF
3.2 HCF & LCM: B LCM
3.3 Divisibility
3.4 Prime numbers
3.5 Powers
3.6 Prime decomposition
3.7 Squares & square roots
3.8 Number patterns
3.9 Spatial patterns
3.11 Number plane & graphs
Top

Ch 4 Fractions & percentages

4.1 What are fractions? A Intro
4.1 What are fractions? B
4.2 Equivalence & simplifying
4.3 Mixed numbers
4.4 Ordering fractions
4.5 Add fractions A Proper fractions
4.5 Add fractions B Mixed numerals
4.7 Multiply fractions A Proper frac
4.7 Multiply fractions B Mixed numerals
4.8 Dividing fractions A
4.8 Dividing complex fractions B
4.9 Fractions & percent A Frac to %
4.9 Fractions & percent B % to frac
4.10 Percentage of a number A
4.10 Percentage B Profit & loss
4.11 Express as proportion
Top

Ch 5 Algebra

5.1 Intro to algebra A
5.1 Intro to algebra B Words
5.1 Intro to algebra C Pictures
5.2 Evaluating expressions
5.3 Equivalent expressions
5.4 Like terms
5.5 Multiply & divide expressions
5.6 Expanding brackets
Top

Ch 6 Decimals

6.1 Decimal PV A Place value
6.1 Decimal PV B Ordering
6.2 Rounding decimals
6.3 Add & subtract decimals
6.4 Multiply & divide by powers of 10
6.5 Multiply decimals
6.6 Division of decimals
6.7 Decimals to fractions A
6.7 Fractions to decimals B
6.8 Decimals & percentages
Top

Ch 7 Negative numbers

7.1 Integers
7.2 Add & subtract positive integers
7.3 Add & subtract negative integers
7.4 Multiply integers A
7.4 Divide integers B
7.5 Order of operations
7.7 Number plane A 1st quadrant
7.7 Number plane B All quadrants
Top

Ch 8 Stats & probability

8.1 Summarise data A Mean
8.1 Summarise data B Other
8.2 Dot plots & columns A Dot plots
8.2 Dot plots & columns B Analyse
8.2 Dot plots & columns C Columns
8.3 Line graphs
8.4 Stem-and-leaf plots A Draw
8.4 Stem-and-leaf plots B Analyse
8.5 Pie & div bars A Pie charts
8.5 Pie & div bars B Div bar graphs
8.6 Describing chance
8.7 Theoretical prob A Outcomes
8.7 Theoretic probability B
Top

Ch 9 Polygons solids & trans

9.1 Polygons
9.2 Triangles
9.3 Constructing triangles
9.4 Triangle angle sum
9.5 Quads A Trapeziums & kites
9.5 Quads B Parallelograms & rects
9.5 Quads C Rhombuses & squares
9.6 Quadrilateral angle sum
9.7 Symmetry
9.8 Reflection & rotation A Reflect
9.8 Reflection & rotation B Rotate
9.9 Translation
9.10 Drawing solids
9.11 Nets/Platonic solids A Nets
9.11 Nets/Platonic solids B Classify
Top

Ch 10 Intro to equations

10.1 Intro to equations
10.2 Solve equations by inspection
10.3 Equivalent equations
10.4 Solve equations algebraically
10.5 Equations with fractions
10.6 Equations with brackets
10.7 Formulas & relations
10.8 Applications
Top

Ch 11 Measurement

11.1 Measurement systems
11.3 Perimeter
11.4 Areas & rectangles A Formula
11.4 Areas & rectangles B Units
11.5 Area of a triangle
11.6 Area of a parallelogram
11.8 Volume rectangular prisms
11.9 Capacity A Measuring
11.9 Capacity B Litres-cubes
11.10 Mass & temp A Measure mass
11.10 Mass & temp B Units of mass
Top

Essential Maths AC 8

Ch 1 Integers

1.1 Whole numbers A Add
1.1 Whole numbers B Subtract
1.2 Whole numbers A Multiply
1.2 Whole numbers B Divide
1.3 Number properties A HCF
1.3 Number properties B LCM
1.3 Number properties C Cubes
1.4 Divisibility & prime factors
1.5 Negative numbers
1.6 Add & subtract integers A
1.6 Add & subtract negative integers B
1.7 Mult & divide integers A Multiply
1.7 Mult & divide integers B Divide
1.8 Order of operations
Top

Ch 2 Lines shapes solids

2.1 Angles at a point
2.2 Parallel lines
2.3 Triangles A Classifying
2.3 Triangles B Angle sum
2.3 Triangles C Exterior angle
2.4 Unique triangles
2.5 Quads A Angle sum
2.5 Quads B Trapeziums & kites
2.5 Quads C Parallelograms & rects
2.5 Quads D Rhombuses & squares
2.6 Polygons
2.7 Solids A Classifying shapes
2.7 Solids B Euler's rule
Top

Ch 3 Fract decimals percents

3.1 Equivalent fractions
3.2 Operations with frac A Add
3.2 Operations with frac B Add mixed
3.2 Operations with frac C Multiply
3.2 Operations with frac D Mult mixed
3.2 Operations with frac E Divide 1
3.2 Operations with frac F Divide 2
3.4 Understand decimals A Place value
3.4 Understand decimals B Dec to frac
3.4 Understand decimals C Frac to dec
3.4 Understand decimals D Ordering
3.5 Operate with decimals A Add & sub
3.5 Operate with decimals B Multiply
3.5 Operate with decimals C Divide
3.6 Terminate & recur A Rounding
3.6 Terminate & recur B Recurring
3.7 Percentages
3.8 Percentages A Find % of
3.8 Percentages B Express as %
3.9 Decrease & increase by %
3.11 Percentages: unitary method
Top

Ch 4 Measurement & Pythagoras

4.1 Length & perimeter A Length
4.1 Length & perimeter B Perimeter
4.2 Circumference of circle
4.3 Area A Convert units
4.3 Area B Rectangles & squares
4.3 Area C Formula for triangle
4.4 Area of quads A Parallelograms
4.4 Area of quads B Kites & rhombuses
4.4 Area of quads C Trapeziums
4.5 Area of a circle
4.6 Sectors & composite shapes
4.7 Surface area of a prism
4.8 Volume & capacity
4.9 Volume A Any prism
4.9 Volume B Cylinders
4.10 Time A Units
4.10 Time B Calculations
4.10 Time C Time zones
4.11 Intro to Pythagoras
4.12 Using Pythagoras
4.13 Find length of shorter side A
4.13 Find shorter side B Problems
Top

Ch 5 Algebra

5.1 The language of algebra
5.2 Substitution A
5.2 Substitution B Equiv expressions
5.3 Add & subtract terms
5.4 Multiply & divide terms
5.5 Add/sub algebraic frac A Intro
5.5 Add/sub algebraic frac B
5.6 Multiply/divide algebraic fractions
5.7 Expanding brackets
5.8 Factorising expressions
5.9 Applying algebra
5.10 Index laws mult & div powers
5.11 Index laws raise powers
Top

Ch 6 Ratios & rates

6.1 Introducing ratios
6.3 Dividing in given ratio
6.4 Scale drawings
6.5 Introducing rates
6.8 Speed
Top

Ch 7 Equations & inequalities

7.1 Equations review
7.2 Equivalent equations
7.3 Equations with fractions
7.4 Variables on both sides
7.5 Equations with brackets
7.6 Formulas & relations
7.7 Applications
7.8 Inequalities
7.9 Solving inequalities A
7.9 Solving inequalities B
Top

Ch 8 Probability & stats

8.1 Interpret graphs A Columns
8.1 Interpret graphs B Divided bars
8.1 Interpret graphs C Sector (Pie)
8.1 Interpret graphs D Line graphs
8.2 Frequency tables & tally
8.3 Histograms
8.4 Measures of centre
8.5 Measures of spread
8.7 Probability
8.10 Venn diags & 2-way tb A
8.10 Venn diags & 2-way tb B
Top

Ch 9 Straight line graphs

9.1 The number plane
9.2 Rules, tables & graphs
9.3 Finding rule using table
9.4 Gradient
9.5 y = mx + c A Read equations
9.5 y = mx + c B Determine equations
9.6 The x-intercept
9.8 Non-linear graphs
Top

Ch 10 Transform & congruence

10.1 Reflection
10.2 Translation
10.3 Rotation
10.4 Congruent figures
10.5 Congruent triangles
10.6 Similar figures A Define
10.6 Similar figures B Scale factors
10.7 Similar triangles
Top